BTL 770 - Hard Infrastructure and Soft Infrastructure

 

The Banking Tutor’s Lessons

BTL 770                                                                          06-04-2025

Hard Infrastructure and Soft Infrastructure

Hard infrastructure refers to tangible, physical systems like roads and bridges, while soft infrastructure encompasses intangible elements like institutions, regulations, and human capital, crucial for economic and social development.

Hard infrastructure comprises the physical networks and systems necessary for a modern society to function, including roads, bridges, railways, ports, tunnels, and other tangible assets.

Examples - Roads and highways ; Bridges and tunnels ; Railways and transportation systems ; Ports and harbours ; Energy grids and water supply systems ; Telecommunications networks

Soft infrastructure consists of intangible elements that shape economic and social interactions, including institutions, governance frameworks, education systems, healthcare systems, financial systems, legal frameworks, and social capital.

Examples - Education and training systems ; Healthcare and public health systems ; Financial institutions and markets ; Legal and regulatory frameworks ; Governance structures and institutions ; Social capital and community networks ; Trade and transport policies ; Regulations and procedures ; Business environment improvements ; Capacity building activities

Sekhar Pariti

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